Arthur Honegger Movimento Sinfonico n. 1, « Pacific 231 » Video
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Arthur Honegger Mikko Franck Orchestre Philharmonique Radio France 1920 2019
L'Orchestre philharmonique de Radio France sous la direction de Mikko Franck interprète Pacific 231, mouvement symphonique n°1, d'Arthur Honegger. Extrait du concert donné le 4 octobre 2019 à l'auditorium de la Maison de la Radio. C’est au tout début du XXe siècle, en pleine euphorie du rail, que la firme américaine Baldwin conçut une nouvelle locomotive dont le premier client fut une compagnie ferroviaire néo-zélandaise. Devant traverser le plus grand des océans, elle reçut le surnom de « Pacific », et se compose de quatre roues porteuses avant, de six roues motrices centrales, et de deux roues porteuses arrière, d’où son appellation américaine de « 4-6- 2 ». La codification française prenant en compte les essieux constitués de deux roues chacun, les premières locomotives de ce type construites dans l’Hexagone furent désignées comme « 2-3-1 ». Cette locomotive était très répandue en France quand Abel Gance la filma en 1920 dans la région de Nice pour son (très) long-métrage La Roue. Assistant du réalisateur, l’écrivain et aventurier Blaise Cendrars racontera dans L’Homme foudroyé : « J’ai fait commander par Abel Gance la musique de La Roue à Arthur Honegger. Ce fut un joli malentendu ! Gance voulait une symphonie (pas moins) pour accompagner son film. Honegger composa ce morceau de bravoure qu’on donne depuis dans les salles de concert sous le titre de Pacific 231. Et ce fut sans lendemain. Je raconterai un jour comment j’ai découvert les Six. C’est une rigolade… » #Honegger #MikkoFranck #concert
New Zealand Symphony Orchestra Arthur Honegger Takuo Yuasa Yuasa 2004
Provided to YouTube by NAXOS of America II. De profundis clamavi: Adagio · New Zealand Symphony Orchestra Honegger: Symphony No. 3, 'Liturgique' / Pacific 231 / Rugby ℗ 2004 Naxos Released on: 2004-08-01 Composer: Arthur Honegger Orchestra: New Zealand Symphony Orchestra Conductor: Takuo Yuasa Auto-generated by YouTube.
Knudåge Riisager Erik Satie Arthur Honegger Bach Tivoli Concert Hall 1917 1923 1924 1926 1927 1976 2013
00:00 - I. T-DOXC "poème mécanique:" Quarter Note = 80 / Conductor: Bo Holten Orchestra: Aarhus Symphony Orchestra Year of Recording: 2013 / "Several of the radical tendencies one encounters in Riisager’s works in the first half of the 1920s are concentrated in T-DOXC (poeme mecanique) from 1926. In the first fair copy the work is called Jabiru T-DOXC and even earlier simply L’avion. The title that Riisager finally chose was the name of a then brand new type of commercial aircraft with nine seats which was introduced in Denmark in 1926. Writing music that described automobiles, ocean liners, industrial enterprises, trains and aircraft etc. was a hallmark of the Italian Futurists’ artistic agenda around the First World War. To this end several of them had developed sound-producing apparatuses, such that one could go beyond the limitations imposed by the traditional musical instrumentarium. If one did not make use of such aids, it was quite legitimate – as the Frenchman Erik Satie did in the ballet music for Parade (1917) – to include sound-makers such as a siren, a revolver, a typewriter and a wheel of fortune in the orchestra in order to get everyday sounds into the composition. However, it is far more likely that the inspiration for Riisager’s work must be sought in Arthur Honegger’s Mouvement symphonique No. 1 Pacific 231, which was composed in 1923, given its first performance in Paris on 8 May 1924 and published the same year. The work, which evokes a modern steam locomotive, was played for the first time in 12 13 Denmark at a concert in Dansk Filharmonisk Selskab on 30 March 1926. Like Honegger, Riisager renounces specially sound-painting instruments and instead exclusively uses a traditional symphony orchestra ensemble. In another newspaper article Riisager says of T-DOXC: “What I wanted to express in the composition is the mental sensations evoked in me by the sight of the aeroplane gliding over the vault of heaven. It appears as a dot in the distance – gradually sweeps forward like a swelling tension in the sky and loses itself again on the horizon, wrapped in its mantle of detonations. / It is not my intention to claim that the development of technology gives art new psychological content – but when one looks within oneself on the basis of the new technology and the many magnificent inventions, one will sense a new beauty arising and will be filled with a new aesthetic experience which is in principle different from everything one has earlier felt. / It has been a spiritual experience for me to gaze at the aeroplane swelling above me – and it is this experience, which can only be described in music, that I have wanted to express in ‘Jabiru T-Doxc’.” Although there are strong resemblances between Riisager’s and Honegger’s works, the differences between the two works are more striking. In Pacific 231 Honegger uses a strictly organized rhythmic acceleration – as an expression of the increasing and later decreasing speed of the locomotive – kept within the form of a chorale prelude of the kind familiar from J.S. Bach’s later works. Much of the thematic and motivic material in the work can be traced back to the bearing cantus firmus. While Honegger lets his orchestra work like a machine and actually seem to be a machine, Riisager tries to describe a mental mood evoked by the sight of the aeroplane; he does this by letting his instruments alternate and thus conjure up a late-Impressionistic soundscape. T-DOXC opens with mainly pentatonic chords, but soon a motoric rhythm begins in the violins – this is intensified and becomes an ostinato rhythmic figure. Thus the way is paved for the fast alternation of repeated rhythmic figures – for instance in the large percussion group – which takes the process forward to the culminations of the piece and the subsequent relaxations of tension towards the end, where material from the introduction returns in delicate pianissimo. Disregarding the introduction and the ending, the process is typified by a quick, almost restless alternation of motifs and short themes in various instrumentations. Here too the work differs from Pacific 231, where the chorale seems to bear the ‘object’ consistently through the orchestral texture. The work was given its first performance in the Tivoli Concert Hall on 3 September 1927, when Frederik Schnedler-Petersen stood on the podium."(Claus Røllum-Larsen) / COPYRIGHT Disclaimer, Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976. Allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use.
Arthur Honegger Sibelius Prokofiev George Antheil Stravinsky 1924
Midi file sequenced by myself in Sibelius, animated with Midi Trails, a free program. From allmusic: This work caused a sensation at its May 8, 1924, Paris premiere, ushering in a trend toward mechanistic works, a trend that influenced even giants like Prokofiev, in his Symphony No. 2, and the then Paris-based lesser light American composer George Antheil in his riotous Ballet méchanique. But Pacific 231 (this is really the subtitle and Mouvement symphonique No. 1 the actual title), never caught on like other sensational Paris premieres, such as Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring. Still, it is hardly a neglected piece today, and how many twentieth century works can approach the popularity of Stravinsky's masterpiece? Important note about the title (from Wiki): The popular interpretation of the piece is that it depicts a steam locomotive, an interpretation that is supported by the title of the piece alongside film versions. Honegger, however, insisted that he wrote it as an exercise in building momentum while the tempo of the piece slows. He originally titled it Mouvement Symphonique, only giving it the name Pacific 231, a class of steam locomotive designated in Whyte notation as a 4-6-2, with four pilot wheels, six driving wheels, and two trailing wheels (the French, who count axles rather than wheels when describing locomotives, call this arrangement 2-3-1) after it was finished.
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