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Beethoven Woo Brunswick Malfatti Elisabeth Röckel Joseph August Röckel August Röckel Johann Nepomuk Hummel Freund Beethoven Orchester 1769 1771 1775 1792 1810 1813 1816 1829 1851 1859 1861 1865 1867
La Bagatelle en la mineur, WoO 59, « La Lettre à Élise » est une pièce musicale pour piano en la mineur composée par Ludwig van Beethoven en 1810. En 1865, le musicologue Ludwig Nohl retrouve la partition de l'œuvre. Celle-ci est en si mauvais état que seules les deux dernières lettres du titre (« SE ») sont encore visibles. Nohl les aurait ainsi probablement rapprochées de manière arbitraire du nom d'« Élise ». Néanmoins la partition est imprimée et publiée en 1867 sous le titre Für Elise (« Pour Élise »). A priori, aucune jeune femme de l'entourage du compositeur ne portait le prénom d'Élise. Selon une des hypothèses les plus probables et la plus retenue par les musicologues, Beethoven aurait en réalité appelé ce morceau Für Therese (« Pour Thérèse »), prénom que portaient deux femmes qui comptèrent énormément dans la vie sentimentale du compositeur : son élève Thérèse de Brunswick +••.••(...)) avec qui il entretint une idylle durant deux ans et Therese Malfatti von Rohrenbach zu Dezza (1792–1851), qui était la fille du Viennois Jacob Malfatti von Rohrenbach (1769–1829). Beethoven la demanda en mariage en 1810, mais celle-ci rejeta sa requête et épousa en 1816 le noble autrichien Wilhelm von Droßdik (1771–1859). La partition a été trouvée dans ses papiers. Une autre hypothèse, récente, de Klaus Martin Kopitz, est que la dédicataire était la soprano Elisabeth Röckel dont le nom de baptême était « Maria Eva Elise ». Elle fut présentée au compositeur par son frère, le ténor Joseph August Röckel, qui chantait dans Fidelio à l'époque où Beethoven dirigeait l'orchestre. Selon Kopitz, Beethoven et Röckel entretenaient des liens d'amitié très étroits, la véritable nature de leur relation restant toutefois incertaine. Kopitz mentionne que la cantatrice avait relaté qu'« au cours d'un dîner, Beethoven avait pincé son bras dans un geste de pure affection ». En 1813, elle épouse le compositeur Johann Nepomuk Hummel, l'ami et néanmoins rival de Beethoven. Peu avant la mort de ce dernier, elle obtint cependant de lui une boucle de ses cheveux. Die Bagatelle in A Moll, WoO 59, "Der Brief für Elise" ist ein Musikstück für Klavier in Moll, komponiert von Ludwig van Beethoven aus dem Jahr 1810. Im Jahr 1865 fand der Musikwissenschaftler Ludwig Nohl die Partitur des Werkes wieder. Diese ist in einem so schlechten Zustand, dass nur die letzten beiden Buchstaben des Titels ("SE") noch sichtbar sind. So hätte Nohl sie wahrscheinlich willkürlich mit dem Namen "Elise" zusammengebracht. Dennoch wird die Partitur 1867 unter dem Titel "Für Elise" gedruckt und veröffentlicht. A priori trug keine junge Frau aus der Umgebung des Komponisten den Vornamen Elise. Nach einer der wahrscheinlichsten und von Musikwissenschaftlern am meisten gewählten Hypothesen, Beethoven soll eigentlich dieses Stück Für Therese ("Für Therese") genannt haben, ein Vorname, den zwei Frauen trugen, die im Liebesleben des Komponisten sehr wichtig waren: seine Schülerin Therese aus Braunschweig +••.••(...)), mit der er zwei Jahre lang eine Idylle unterhielt, und Therese Malfatti von Rohrenbach zu Dezza +••.••(...)) , der die Tochter des Wieners Jacob Malfatti von Rohrenbach +••.••(...)) war. Beethoven bat sie 1810 um ihre Heirat, doch sie lehnte ihren Antrag ab und heiratete 1816 den österreichischen Adligen Wilhelm von Droßdik +••.••(...)). Die Partitur wurde in seinen Papieren gefunden. Eine weitere neuere Hypothese von Klaus Martin Kopitz ist, dass die Signistin die Sopranistin Elisabeth Röckel war, deren Taufname "Maria Eva Elise" lautete. Sie wurde dem Komponisten von seinem Bruder, Tenor Joseph August Röckel, vorgestellt, der in Fidelio sang, als Beethoven das Orchester dirigierte. Laut Kopitz hatten Beethoven und Röckel sehr enge Freundschaftsbeziehungen, wobei die wahre Natur ihrer Beziehung jedoch ungewiss blieb. Kopitz erwähnte, dass die Moderatorin berichtete, dass "Beethoven bei einem Abendessen seinen Arm in eine Geste reiner Zuneigung gezwickt hat". 1813 heiratete sie den Komponisten Johann Nepomuk Hummel, den Freund und dennoch Rivalen Beethovens. Kurz vor dessen Tod bekam sie von ihm jedoch eine Haarschleife.
Beethoven Malfatti Elisabeth Röckel Joseph August Röckel August Röckel 1810 1816
Bagatela en La menor de Beethoven, composición musical ágil y corta, sin mayores pretensiones e interpretada en la guitarra. Según una antigua teoría de Max Ünger, la pieza debería su popular nombre a la confusión de Ludwig Nohl a la hora de transcribir el manuscrito original. Debido a la mala legibilidad de la dedicatoria, donde parecía estar escrito "Elise" debe leerse, en realidad, "Therese". Así, la bagatela en realidad es "Para Teresa" (Für Therese). Therese podría ser Therese Malfatti von Rohrenbach zu Dezza, una joven alumna de Beethoven a la que éste se declaró en 1810 pero ella se casó con un noble y funcionario estatal austriaco, Wilhelm von Droßdik en 1816. Klaus Martin Kopitz apuntan la posibilidad de que Elisa fuera Elisabeth Röckel, una soprano alemana y hermana de Joseph August Röckel.
Beethoven Woo Unger Brunswick Malfatti Elisabeth Röckel Joseph August Röckel August Röckel 1769 1771 1792 1807 1808 1810 1829 1851 1859
"„Für Elise" este o bagatelă pentru pian, în La minor, WoO 59, compusă de Ludwig van Beethoven, în jurul anului 1810. Lucrarea este supranumită Für Elise deoarece pe manuscrisul original scria Für Elise am 27 April zur Erinnerung von L. v. Bthvn (Pentru Elise, în 27 aprilie, ca amintire de la L. v. Bthvn). Nu se știe cu exactitate cine a fost Elise. Totuși, unii specialiști, între care și Max Unger, au sugerat că ar fi trebuit să se numească Für Therese, deoarece manuscrisul a fost găsit în posesia lui Therese von Brunswick, de care se îndrăgostise Beethoven. Alți specialiști cred că ar fi vorba de Therese Malfatti von Rohrenbach zu Dezza +••.••(...)), o elevă a lui Beethoven, pe care acesta a cerut-o de soție în 1810, fiind refuzat. Această Therese, care era fiica unui bogat comerciant vienez, Jacob Malfatti von Rohrenbach +••.••(...)), s-a măritat ulterior cu nobilul și omul de stat austriac Wilhelm von Droßdik +••.••(...)). Muzicologul german Klaus Martin Kopitz susține că este vorba despre Elisabeth Röckel, căreia apropiații îi spuneau Elise, o cântăreață germană venită la Viena în 1807 sau 1808. Cântăreața era sora lui Joseph August Röckel, cântărețul care a interpretat rolul lui Florestan în opera Fidelio, într-un spectacol dirijat chiar de Beethoven." dupa Wikipedia muzica: Beethoven - Für Elise (Love Story) versuri: Octavian Dumitrascu - "Noi doi"
Beethoven Woo Malfatti Elisabeth Röckel Unger Brunswick Schachner Joseph August Röckel August Röckel Bamberg Anna Mozart Hoffmann Johann Nepomuk Hummel Anna Milder Hauptmann Hauptmann Antonio Salieri Theater Wien 1792 1793 1806 1808 1810 1811 1813 1816 1830 1851 1865 1883 1984 2010 2014 2015
Bagatelle No. 25 in A minor (WoO 59, Bia 515) for solo piano, commonly known as "Für Elise" (English: "For Elise"), is one of Ludwig van Beethoven's most popular compositions. It was not published during his lifetime, only being discovered (by Ludwig Nohl) 40 years after his death, and may be termed either a Bagatelle or an Albumblatt. The identity of "Elise" is unknown; researchers have suggested Therese Malfatti, Elisabeth Röckel, or Elise Barensfeld. The version of "Für Elise" heard today is an earlier version that was transcribed by Ludwig Nohl. There is a later version, with drastic changes to the accompaniment which was transcribed from a later manuscript by the Beethoven scholar Barry Cooper. The most notable difference is in the first theme, the left-hand arpeggios are delayed by a 16th note. There are a few extra bars in the transitional section into the B section; and finally, the rising A minor arpeggio figure is moved later into the piece. The tempo marking Poco moto is believed to have been on the manuscript that Ludwig Nohl transcribed (now lost). The later version includes the marking Molto grazioso. It is believed that Beethoven intended to add the piece to a cycle of bagatelles. Whatever the validity of Nohl's edition, an editorial peculiarity contained in it involves the second right-hand note in bar 7, that is, the first note of the three-note upbeat figure that characterizes the main melody. Is it E4 or D4? Nohl's score gives E4 in bar7 but D4 thereafter in all parallel passages. Many editions change all of the figures to beginning with E4 until the final bars, where D4 is used and resolved by adding a C to the final A octave. The pianist and musicologist Luca Chiantore argued in his thesis and his 2010 book Beethoven al piano (new Italian edition: Beethoven al pianoforte, 2014) that Beethoven might not have been the person who gave the piece the form that we know today. Chiantore suggested that the original signed manuscript, upon which Ludwig Nohl claimed to base his transcription, may never have existed. On the other hand, Barry Cooper wrote, in a 1984 essay in The Musical Times, that one of two surviving sketches closely resembles the published version. It is not certain who "Elise" was. Max Unger suggested that Ludwig Nohl may have transcribed the title incorrectly and the original work may have been named "Für Therese", a reference to Therese Malfatti von Rohrenbach zu Dezza (1792–1851). She was a friend and student of Beethoven's to whom he supposedly proposed in 1810, though she turned him down to marry the Austrian nobleman and state official Wilhelm von Droßdik in 1816. Note that the piano sonata no. 24, dedicated to Countess Thérèse von Brunswick, is also referred to sometimes as "für Therese". The Austrian musicologist Michael Lorenz has shown that Rudolf Schachner, who in 1851 inherited Therese von Droßdik's musical scores, was the son of Babette Bredl, born out of wedlock. Babette in 1865 let Nohl copy the autograph in her possession. According to a 2010 study by Klaus Martin Kopitz, there is evidence that the piece was written for the 17-year-old German soprano singer Elisabeth Röckel (1793–1883), the younger sister of Joseph August Röckel, who played Florestan in the 1806 revival of Beethoven's opera Fidelio. "Elise", as she was called by a parish priest, had been a friend of Beethoven's since 1808, who, according to Kopitz, perhaps wanted to marry her. But in April 1810 Elisabeth Röckel got an engagement at the theater in Bamberg where she made her stage debut as Donna Anna in Mozart's Don Giovanni and became a friend of the writer E. T. A. Hoffmann. In 1811 Röckel came back to Vienna, in 1813 she married there Beethoven's friend Johann Nepomuk Hummel. In 2015 Kopitz published further sources about Beethoven's relationship to Röckel and the famous piano piece. It shows that she was also a close friend of Anna Milder-Hauptmann and lived together with her and her brother Joseph August in the Theater an der Wien. In a letter to Röckel, which she wrote in 1830, she called her indeed "Elise". In 2014, the Canadian musicologist Rita Steblin suggested that Elise Barensfeld might be the dedicatee. Born in Regensburg and treated for a while as a child prodigy, she first travelled on concert tours with Beethoven's friend Johann Nepomuk Mälzel, also from Regensburg, and then lived with him for some time in Vienna, where she received singing lessons from Antonio Salieri. Steblin argues that Beethoven dedicated this work to the 13-year-old Elise Barensfeld as a favour to Therese Malfatti who lived opposite Mälzel's and Barensfeld's residence and who might have given her piano lessons. Steblin admits that question marks remain for her hypothesis.
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